Fair Value of Financial Instruments
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
6. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Various inputs are used in determining the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:
In general, and where applicable, the Company uses readily available market quotations based upon the last updated sales price from the principal market to determine fair value. This pricing methodology applies to the Company’s Level 1 trading securities. The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. The following tables provide the fair value measurements of applicable Company assets and liabilities by level within the fair value hierarchy as of November 30, 2012 and November 30, 2011. These assets and liabilities are measured on a recurring basis. November 30, 2012
November 30, 2011
The changes for all Level 3 securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs for the years ended November 30, 2012 and November 30, 2011, are as follows:
As of November 30, 2011, the Company’s other equity securities, which represented security interests in private companies, and were classified as Level 3 assets, included High Sierra Energy, LP. On June 19, 2012, NGL Energy Partners, LP and certain of its affiliates (collectively “NGL”) acquired High Sierra Energy, LP and High Sierra Energy GP, LLC (collectively “High Sierra”) pursuant to which NGL, a New York Stock Exchange listed company, paid to the limited partners of High Sierra approximately $9.4 million in cash and approximately 1.2 million newly issued units of NGL. A realized gain of $15.8 million was recognized during the third quarter of 2012 upon the sale. NGL is classified as a Level 2 Trading security above. The Company utilizes the beginning of reporting period method for determining transfers between levels. There were no transfers between levels 1, 2 or 3 for the year ended November 30, 2012. For the year ended November 30, 2011, there were transfers out of Level 3 assets in the amount of $9,292,247, which represents the values of the Company’s equity interest in Mowood and subordinated debt issued to Mowood at the beginning of the year that were eliminated upon consolidation. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for the year ended November 30, 2011. Valuation Techniques and Unobservable Inputs An equity security of a publicly traded company acquired in a private placement transaction without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), is subject to restrictions on resale that can affect the security’s liquidity (and hence its fair value). If the security has a common share counterpart trading in a public market, the Company generally determines an appropriate percentage discount for the security in light of the restrictions that apply to its resale (taking into account, for example, whether the resale restrictions of Rule 144 under the 1933 Act apply). This pricing methodology applies to the Company’s Level 2 trading securities. The Company’s other equity securities, which represent security interests in private companies, are classified as Level 3 assets. Valuation of these investments is determined by weighting various valuation metrics for each security. Significant judgment is required in selecting the assumptions used to determine the fair values of these investments. See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies. The Company’s investments in private companies are typically valued using one of or a combination of the following the following valuation techniques: (i) analysis of valuations for publicly traded companies in a similar line of business (“public company analysis”), (ii) analysis of valuations for comparable M&A transactions (“M&A analysis”) and (iii) discounted cash flow analysis. The table entitled “Quantitative Table for Valuation Techniques” outlines the valuation technique(s) used for each asset category. The public company analysis utilizes valuation multiples for publicly traded companies in a similar line of business as the portfolio company to estimate the fair value of such investment. Typically, the Company’s analysis focuses on the ratio of enterprise value to earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) which is commonly referred to as an EV/EBITDA multiple. The Company selects a range of multiples given the trading multiples of similar publicly traded companies and applies such multiples to the portfolio company’s EBITDA to estimate the portfolio company’s trailing, proforma, projected or average (as appropriate) EBITDA to estimate the portfolio company’s enterprise value and equity value. The Company also selects a range of trading market yields of similar public companies and applies such yields to the portfolio company’s estimated distributable cash flow. When calculating these values, the Company applies a discount, when applicable, to the portfolio company’s estimated equity value for the size of the company and the lack of liquidity in the portfolio company’s securities. The M&A analysis utilizes valuation multiples for historical M&A transactions for companies or assets in a similar line of business as the portfolio company to estimate the fair value of such investment. Typically, the Company’s analysis focuses on EV/EBITDA multiples. The Company selects a range of multiples based on EV/EBITDA multiples for similar M&A transactions or similar companies and applies such ranges to the portfolio company’s analytical EBITDA to estimate the portfolio company’s enterprise value. The discounted cash flow analysis is used to estimate the equity value for the portfolio company based on estimated DCF of such portfolio company. Such cash flows include an estimate of terminal value for the portfolio company. A present value of these cash flows is determined by using estimated discount rates (based on the Company’s estimate for weighted average cost of capital for such portfolio company). Under all of these valuation techniques, the Company estimates operating results of its portfolio companies (including EBITDA). These estimates utilize unobservable inputs such as historical operating results, which may be unaudited, and projected operating results, which will be based on expected operating assumptions for such portfolio company. The Company also consults with management of the portfolio companies to develop these financial projections. These estimates will be sensitive to changes in assumptions specific to such portfolio company as well as general assumptions for the industry. Other unobservable inputs utilized in the valuation techniques outlined above include: possible discounts for lack of marketability, selection of publicly-traded companies, selection of similar M&A transactions, selected ranges for valuation multiples, selected range of yields and expected required rates of return and weighted average cost of capital. The various techniques will be weighted as appropriate; and other factors may be weighted into the valuation, including recent capital transactions of the Company. Changes in EBITDA multiples, or discount rates may change the fair value of the Company’s portfolio investments. Generally, a decrease in EBITDA multiples or DCF multiples, or an increase in discount rates, when applicable, may result in a decrease in the fair value of the Company’s portfolio investments. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the Company’s investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the Company’s investments may differ from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that the Company may ultimately realize. The following table summarizes the significant unobservable inputs that the Company uses to value its portfolio investments categorized as Level 3 as of November 30, 2012. Quantitative Table for Valuation Techniques
Certain condensed financial information of the unconsolidated affiliates follows. The information is the most recently available financial information for these companies, which is the last twelve months ending September 30, 2012 as reported by the portfolio companies for VantaCore Partners LP ( 11.09 percent equity interest) and Lightfoot Capital Partners LP (6.67 percent equity interest).
The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the Company for estimating fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value, but fair value is included for disclosure purposes only, as required under disclosure guidance related to the fair value of financial instruments. Cash and Cash Equivalents — The carrying value of cash, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements approximates fair value.
Escrow Receivable — The escrow receivable due the Company, which relates to the sale of International Resource Partners, LP, is anticipated to be released upon satisfaction of certain post-closing obligations and/or the expiration of certain time periods (the shortest of which was to be 14 months from the April 2011 closing date of the sale). The fair value of the escrow receivable reflects a discount for the potential that the full amount due to the Company will not be realized. During the third quarter, the carrying value of the escrow receivable was reduced by $335,486 to its fair value. In addition, during September of 2012, the Company received $628,863 of the escrow receivable due the Company, and during the fourth quarter, the carrying value of the escrow receivable was further reduced by $13,974. No clear agreement has been reached as to the remaining escrow balance and Management anticipates that it may take more than a year to satisfy other post-closing obligations, prior to receiving the approximately $699,000 escrow balance remaining. Long-term Debt — The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is calculated, for disclosure purposes, by discounting future cash flows by a rate equal to the Company’s current expected rate for an equivalent transaction. The remaining principal balance outstanding on the debt assumed in the Eastern Interconnect Project (“EIP”) was paid in full on the maturity date of October 1, 2012. Line of Credit — The carrying value of the line of credit approximates the fair value due to its short term nature.
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